发布时间：2023-05-09 16:48:36
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1. The commercial value of the principle of Commercial value principle
Film is an art, film producers on the purpose, they not only help the film art form to achieve a rich cultural life of the people and promoting interpersonal communication, but also make a profit, that is, it must have a social and economic benefits . In other words, it must have commercial value. In today's society, investment in a good movie, its box office is also considerable, the film's name has become the top priority, the first time to attract the attention of the audience an important means of one of the Mi-Qing Liu (1999:49) "Given that the original language contained in the content should be translated (that is, there is commercial value), then the community should be acceptable to achieve the target language conversion, and should not rigidly adhere to the primitive level of readability." The commercial value of the film is often on the title to attract viewers, the film will have a direct bearing on the level of box office receipts. It is well known that levels of the audience, they also understand that the title is different, so the translation should be entitled to take into account the public's understanding of the title is a basic requirement. If the Sound of Music in Taiwan have been translated as "The Sound of Music where they heard" on the audience rather puzzled. After the film was translated as "The Sound of Music", has been widely accepted. A number of classic films such as Oscar Waterloo Bridge translated as "Waterloo Bridge" has become a classic.
Informative value principle
This is the most basic principles. By more than one classification can be seen, the film contains a wealth of information. As a title, although the objective requirements of the concise, clean, but one word, a word contains a wealth of information, people can see it belongs to guess what kind of movies, talk about the main story. Such as Pulp Fiction (Pulp Fiction); Meet the Parents (Meet the Father of the Bride); American Beauty (American Beauty) Growing Pains (Growing Pains). A Rather English Marriage (duet widower). Another example, the Third Man has been translated as "third party" gives people the impression that I love in the San Jiaolian vortex, and the third film in fact witnessed a homicide is the third witness . And the actual content of the original have been translated into very large. As a result, the translation of the information disclosed could directly reflect the main content of the film as well as the ability to attract viewers to watch the sentiment.
3. Reflect the cultural values. Cultural value principle,
The translation of cultural value is considered to be one of the most difficult to translate. On "a specific culture (culture-specific)", translation theorists Baker (2000:21) said that "translated vocabulary words may not convey a target language culture to understand the concept of the concept or abstract or concrete May be related to religious beliefs, social customs, and even about some things. " This shows that the cultural differences of translation difficulties. The film is a reflection of life around, the film reflects the content of the film also contains a lot of natural and cultural factors that reflect the cultural variety of ways, such as the word culture, idioms, and so on. Such as First Blood, is an idiom, which means "won the first battle," but has been translated as "the first drop of blood." 2001: A Space Odyssay in, Odyssay with cultural background, which means dangerous section of the course, if the direct transliteration of "The Odyssey", will the audience confused. All About Eve in Eve for the fairy tale of Eve, the sametoken, if the literal translation for Eve, is also hard to understand. Therefore the light of the specific cultural differences, the translation 还是
Commercial value principle
Film is an art.For the producers, they not only take film---this style of art to rich the cultural life of the people, promote the communication among people, but also earn profit.That means flim should produce Socio-economic benefits.In other words, it must have commercial value.In today’s society, the remarkable box-office can not islated from the investment of a good film.The name of the film is the most important thing and one of the first time methods to attract the audiences’attention.LIU Biqing said(1999:49):Since the content of the primitive words are value to be translated(which means commercial value) then the transformation by the acceptable lanfuage of the society should be fufilled.But not rigidly adhere to the readability of the promitive language. The commercial benefits of the film usually base on the attractive degree of the film’s name.The name of the film can directly affect the level of box-office of the film. As everyone knows, the levels of the audiences are not same, they have different understandings of the film’s name, that is why you should consider the basic requirments of the public's title understanding when you translat the title.For example: Sound of music is translated as “Where to heard the sound of music” which makes the audinces really puzzled. Later it changed to yinyuzhishen which has been wildly accepted. Some translations have become a classic such as a number of classic films of Oscar for example Waterloo Bridge translated as "hunduanlanqiao这里是汉语的电影名字，不知是翻译还是就写成汉字，所以，我先用的拼音".
Informative value principle
This is the basic priciple.We can notice form those classificationes above that tilies which involve abundant information. As a title, people can guess what type and storyline the film is as soon as they see the title. Take the following as examples: Pulp Fiction（黑色追缉令）；Meet the Parents (Meet Father of the Bride) ；American Beauty（美国丽人）Growing Pains（成长的烦恼）。A Rather English Marriage (duet widower). And The Third Man has been translated as tertium quid gives first impression it may talk about a love triangle in the love whirlpoo. However the third man is the third witness of a homicide. It has a big difference between the actual content and the original translation. As a result, the information disclosed by the translated title can directly reflect the main content of the film as well as wheather it can attract the sentiment of the viewers.
Cultural value principle
Translation with cultural value is considered as one of the most difficult content to translate. About/On culture-specific, translation theorists Baker said: translated language vocabulary may not convey the concept that the culture which the target language has. This concept can be abstract or concrete, may be related to religious beliefs, social customs, and even some things. This shows the transation difficults of culturl differences. Films are the reflection of life around us; so the titles which reflect the content of the films naturaly contain a lot of culture factors too such as word culture, idioms, and so on. Take First Blood as an example.It is an idiom which means “won the first battle”. But here it is directly translated as “the first drop of blood”. 2001: A Space Odyssay, Odyssay is wors with cultural background which means dangerous section of the course.It may make the audiences feel puzzled if we translate it as Odyssay directly. The Eve in “All about Eve” is a woman is the deify, the same token, if it has been literal translated into Eve, it is also hard to understand. Therefore translations of the titles have to combine all the content about the films with the specific cultural differences. 就看你要求要不要小节号了
当品读完一部作品后，大家一定都收获不少，需要好好地就所收获的`东西写一篇闭晌缺读后感了。你想好怎么写读后感了吗？以下是我为大家收集的了《不起的盖轿辩茨比》英文读后感范文（精选3篇），仅供参考，大家一起来看看吧。
《《不起的盖茨比》》英文读后感1
The Great Gatsby I read, by F. Scott Fitzgerald, the well-known American writer, was published by Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press in 2004, with 225 pages.
The book is a novel. It is a story told by Nick about a man named Gatsby. The author gives the reader a vivid love story with a tragic end. The story can be interpreted many ways. The fall of the American dream is one major theme.
谨毁Here are the top four characters. Gatsby, the protagonist, has an obsessive love with Daisy. He struggles for her attention, for her joyance, and most importantly, for her herself. It turns out what he struggles for is only an allusion, a shadow, and a dream, just out reach of his hand. He pays “a high price for living too long with a single dream” (Fitzgerald, 200). Special attention should be paid to Nick, the narrator. He is “one of the few honest people” that we ever known in the novel (Fitzgerald, 70). Therefore, we can, first of all, trust his narration. As Daisy’s cousin and Gatsby’s neighbour, he then exists as a connection of the two. Another function he plays is that being an observer, he can evaluate and criticize our protagonist objectively. Daisy and Tom make a perfect couple. Daisy, though born a beauty, is sensual and “her voice is full of money” (Fitzgerald, 152). Then Tom, both physically and spiritually, is vulgar. Tom and Daisy lead a luxurious and profligate life.
The following is the plot of the novel. Gatsby and Daisy loved each other. However, Gatsby was too poor to marry Daisy. He went to war in Europe. When he came back he found Daisy had married Tom. He earned substantive money illegally, and came to New York City, and bought a house, and held parties, which were luxurious out of imagination, in order to draw Daisy’s attention. Finally he knew Nick, his neighbour, was Daisy’s cousin, and came to him for help. Under Nick’s arrangement, Gatsby met Daisy five years after they parted. After Tom had learned that there was something between Gatsby and Daisy, he attacked Gatsby that the latter did drugstore business in the face of Daisy and Nick, and asked Daisy back to his arms. Later, Daisy, driving, killed Myrtle, Tom’s lover by accident. However, Tom told her husband, Wilson, that it was Gatsby who was Myrtle’s lover and killed her. Consequently Wilson shot Gatsby to death and took his own life as well. After Gatsby’s depressing funeral, Nick decided to go back to the Middle West. After all, Gatsby, Daisy, Tom and he himself were all from the Middle West.
When The Great Gatsby was published, T. S. Eliot praised it was the first step of American novel had token since Henry James. I like this novel, which is not hard to understand but not easy to appreciate. First, it is a novel about dreams. Young men, maybe young women as well, without fortune and outlook may lack everything but dreams. Yet how their dreams will turn out to be is completely another thing. We notice in Chapter 9, Gatsby’s SCHEDULE, which is marvelously similar to Benjamin Franklin’s schedule, and then we are reminded of the American dream. That is a dream, as James Truslow Adams has remarked, “of a land in which life should be better and richer and fuller for everyone, with opportunity for each according to ability or achievement” (“What is the American Dream” ). The generation of Franklin succeeded through their personal struggle. Unfortunately, this was never true to men like Gatsby, who lived in the 1920s America. Gatsby does have ambition, but he is a hero in an improper time where money is the sole criterion of success. Fitzgerald links Gatsby “with a world that no longer exist, a world that has been lost in back rush of time, a world that offers more in promise than has been realized in fact” (Lehan). It is the dream that deceives him into living with sufferings; and it is the dream that even makes him die willingly.
Besides the decline of the American Dream, another theme of the novel, in my opinion, is that there exists no true love in a world where ruthless materialism prevails. Notwithstanding “the love Gatsby has for Daisy seems to be the only pure impulse in a corrupt world” (Lehan), his love has no opportunity to flourish. Daisy finally chooses to follow Tom, and they escape, “and let other people clean up the mess they had made” (Fitzgerald, 222). About love, Fitzgerald says through one of his characters, “There are only the pursued, the pursuing, the busy and the tired” (Fitzgerald, 95). The love between Nick and Baker, if it exists, can support this point as well.
In terms of craftsmanship in American literature, The Great Gatsby can be said one of the most consummate. It is a work making good use of symbolism. First, the green light at the end of Daisy’s dock represents Gatsby’s hope and dream for the future. It is yet only an illusory dream which he will never reach. It is not more real than the stars in the sky. Second, the Valley of Ashes symbolizes “the moral and social decay that results from the uninhibited pursuit of wealth”. Third, the eye of Doctor T. J. Ecklebury’s in a billboard represents “God staring down upon and judging American society as moral wasteland”. Each symbol has more than one interpretation, with which I will not try to bother here.
Then the language of The Great Gatsby deserves to be mentioned. The language is elegant and graceful, and sometimes it could be compared to a poem’s language. In one of Gatsby’s grand parties, “people disappeared, reappeared, made plans to go somewhere, and then lost each other, searched for each other, found each other a few feet away”(Fitzgerald, 44). Then when Daisy was singing with the music in a husky, rhythmic whisper, she brings out “a meaning in each word that it had never had before and would never have again” (Fitzgerald, 135). Then Gatsby “stretched out his hand desperately as if to snatch only a wisp of air …” (Fitzgerald, 191). More examples shall not be quoted. The description of views of the evening and moonlight should be specially noticed.
In relation to our life, how shall we do with our personal dreams? Man, as he grows, becomes realistic. This process is like when we put a piece of paper into a glass of water, the paper is gradually soaked and suddenly falls into the bottom. Then it is like an artichoke flower, peels off one petal after another, and finally withers. However, without dreams, what can man hold? The Pandora’s Box opened; everything flew out, leaving only hope at the bottom. Hope, thence, stays forever for the despairing people, even when they have nothing else.
Finally, the fiction urges me to think about what kind of life we are willing to have? All the four principle characters are from the Middle West and come to live in the East. Many in China come from the countryside and pursue the urban life. Nick never feels he is a part of the East, and if Gatsby has felt, he would not be dead. The relation between countryside and urban life deserves reconsidering, especially in the contemporary Chinese context.
It is my pleasure to recommend this novel to my friends. Another well-known American writer, who was contemporary with Fitzgerald, Ernest Hemmingway’s words are of service, “Gatsby was a great book. I’ve read it twice in the last five years. It gets better with each reading” (Hemingway, Gregory). I would like to read it twice when time is available.
《不起的盖茨比》英文读后感2
The Great Gatsby is a significant classic in America literature and Fitzgerald is also considered as a chronicler of the “Jazz Age”. The women characters play an important role in revealing the theme of the novel. Especially the figure Daisy and the contradictions in her has aroused my interests to think carefully about the reason why she would choose that when her ideal ran into the reality.
Daisy was once a lovely, elegant and innocent girl when she was “Daisy Fay”. Though Gatsby was a penniless lower class young man, she fell in love with him crazily and happily. While she changed and showed her darker side gradually. She noticed the importance of wealth and position, so she chose to marry to Tom Buchanan though she did not love him as much as Gatsby at that time. Besides, Daisy considered her daughter as a doll and continued playing with those guys. Even until the end, her former lover Gatsby who was wealthy and renowned then came back to her. Considering Gatsby’s illegal sources of money and his inglorious past, Daisy refused to go with Gatsby finally. What annoyed me the most is the plot that Gatsby was murdered because of the misunderstanding of Wilson while Daisy did not attend his funeral. She may have many scruples when her ideal life was disturbed by the cruel reality. Actually everyone may become confused and perplexed when we face the confliction. Also everyone has his own choice. But the point is how much we can afford when confront the result that happened after our decision.
The slang “Make friends with local tyrant” is very popular nowadays. We ought to think about the hidden reason for its popularity after we scoff at it. With the fast development of economy, more and more people are lost themselves just like the young generation after the World War Ⅰ. Their value has been or is going to be changed completely. They don’t know what exactly right is and what exactly they are supposed to do. Some students play online games in the dormitory rather than go to the classes. Some staff has become a workaholic in order to deal with the life pressure. Some married stars betrayed their families without remembering their oath. It seems that the whole society has ran out of the regular track. So it is high time that we calmed down and reflected ourselves. What exactly is our final ideal and how could we make it a reality?
Honestly speaking, nobody could live in the society without money. And obviously, almost everyone has been aware of the necessity of money. So no wonder people are struggling and fighting to get more money. But what if the life with plenty money is different from the life we used to dream of? As far as I’m thinking, it is definitely that life is more cruel that we thought and it is impossible that life goes as we designed. We can not own everything that we want to have. What we could do and what we could change is just ourselves. Our choices, our goals or our attitudes all have an impact on the final result. The change may be pretty small, but we ought to believe that the miracle will definitely show up as long as you stick to your ideal goal. So when your ideal is disturbed by the reality, don’t let your original step be disturbed as well. Just follow your heart and be yourself. And I believe that you will finally achieve your goal in the near future.
《不起的盖茨比》英文读后感3
At the beginning of the review, I am afraid but I need mention that I read The Great Gatzby from my paper book, not online, so it might be a little strange in the record of my reading history and also the lack of comments.
After reading the novel, I sympathized deeply for Gatzby, who dedicated almost his whole life into pursuing Daisy, but eventually was shot down for Daisy’s fault, and also Nick, who narrate this heart-broken story to us. But I believe that all is destined, not only his success, but also his miserable, dramatic ending.
First, Gatzby meant to be succeed, which was determined by his personality. He was such an absolute perfectionist, fairly speaking, a paranoiac, that he never accept he was inferior to others in all kinds of aspects. He scheduled his life when he was young in order to achieve his goal. He couldn’t live like Tom who dissipated his time on women, also couldn’t like Wilson live so meaninglessly, and his ambition made it impossible for him to be content with common life. After the moment he denied his poor family background, changed his name into Jay Gatzby, he either succeed, or die.
No matter how, he will succeed. I always believe it because his characteristic promised.
And I also believe Gatzby would fall in love with a lady with a celebrated background. Because he was a perfectionist , he must long for a charming, wealthy, graceful aristocracy. Daisy was just a representation of perfection, a concrete thing in his dream.
However, Daisy falls far short of Gatzby’s ideal. She is beautiful and charming, but also fickle, shallow, and hypocritical. She is careless person who smashes thing up and then retreats behind her money. She allows Gatsby to take the blame for killing Myrtle ever though she herself was driving the car. Finally, rather than attend Gatsby’s funeral, Daisy and Tom move away, leaving no contact address.
Gatzby knew exactly what kind of person she was. And the very beginning of the novel, he said “Her voice is full of money”. But how can it matter? His puzzle of life would be incomplete without Daisy, and as we know, he was such a paranoiac that never let it happen. It’s impossible for him to restart.
Gatzby’s obsession about Daisy and Daisy’s characteristic determined the trend of plot.
So, it is destined.
And not only from the plot development we can say Gatzby’s fate was destined, but also from the writer himself. Technically, Gatzby wasn’t a only fictional character, but also the reflection of writer, Fitzgerald himself. He also had a complex relationship of his own. His own experience made him believe that there’s a huge gap between the “natural” rich and the ”new” rich.
In rich boy, his another novel, he showed his attitude directly:
Let me tell you about the very rich. They are different from you and me. They possess and enjoy early, and it does something to them, makes them soft where we are hard, and cynical where we are trustful, in a way that, unless you were born rich, it is very difficult to understand.
They think, deep in their hearts, that they are better than we are because we had to discover the compensations and refuges of life for ourselves. Even when they enter deep into our world or sink below us, they still think that they are better than we are. They are different.
Because of the poverty and adversity they had been through, they always cherish the first glamorous thing dropping in their life. Some of them even take it as the highest goal in life, like Gatzby who considered Daisy as his whole world. When their dream faded out gradually, they might behave like Gatzby, deceive themselves to protect their “little green light” in their heart until their hearts are beaten to pieces by reality.
At last, I want to use the final sentence in The Great Gaztby as the end, which I consider as the most profound ending I have ever read and inspire me a lot. Gatzby’s dream was always behind him, from the moment he met Daisy and fell in love with her. So what he did was just striving hard back into the past against the current of time, like the ending says:
So we beat on, boats against the current, borne back ceaselessly into the past.
狼人村庄的规则和基本版一样，只是多了建筑物的能力。下面简述9种建筑物的能力。
农夫The Farmers 建筑物是农家，能力为永久性的。
在第二回合农夫们可以投票，在农夫之间选出警长(能力是投票时等于两票)。 当警长死掉时他再从存活的农夫中选取继任者。如果农夫都死亡时则场上不会再有警长。
神父The Confessor 建筑物为教堂，能力是一次性的。
在白天的任一时间点，神父可以指定其中一个玩家把角色卡秘密地拿给神父看。
整骨师The Bonesetter建筑物是棚屋，能力是一次性的。
在白天的任一时镇敬间点，整骨师可以使用能力让一个玩家把他已使用过的建筑物能力恢复，主持人把对应的token交还给该玩家，这个恢复的能力也一样是一次性的。
教师The Schoolmarm 建筑物是学校，能力是永久的。
每一个白天，在投票之前，校长可以让两位玩家无法投票，而校长本身也不能投票，当然他们还是可以参与讨论。校长也可以让酒吧老板无法投票，但不能禁止旅人(Vagabonds)投票。
面包师傅The Baker 建筑物是面包店，能力是永久性的。
能力跟小女孩有点像。在每一晚，当主持人说完”狼人请闭眼”后，面包师傅可以立刻张开眼睛，过了一会主持人再请面包师傅闭眼。
理发师The Barber 建筑物是理发厅，能力是一次性的。
在白天的任一时间点，理发师可以按照自己的意愿杀掉一名玩家，如果对方是狼人的话他便获得村民的原谅，但如果对方是村民的话理发师便会被控谋杀罪而死亡。理发师不能杀害旅人。
司法官The Bailiff 建筑物是司法官的家，能力是永久性的。
每一个早上，当有房子空下来的时候，司法官可以选择一个旅人进驻到空的房子，该玩家坐到房子后面，将旅人的包袱token交还给主持人，如果该栋建筑物的能力已经被使用的话则可以拿取对应的能力token。如果有多栋建筑物空下的话，每栋空下的建筑物都可以给予一个旅人。(当bailiff死掉时便会停止分发建筑物，所以有时候旅人会特地去保护bailiff，因为希望能得到建筑物。)
酒吧老板The Barkeeper 建筑物是酒吧，能力是永久性的(有条件)。
狼人不能猎杀酒吧老板，而且村民也不能投他票。如果酒吧老板投票的那个人获得最高票而被杀掉的话(即使被其他特殊能力拯救)，酒吧老板就会失去能力token。一般来说酒吧老板在其他人投票前必须先投票(除非他已经失去能力)。
地主The Lord建筑物是豪宅，能力是一次性的。
在任何投票之后，如果即将要被杀害者向地主恳求的话，地主可以选择赦免他，这样他便不会遭到杀害，也不用翻开角色卡。当然，一个自私的地主也可以将这能力用来赦免自己。
旅人The Vagabonds 没有建筑物，能力是永久性的。
教师、理发师、纵火狂和谣言散布者的能力对旅人无效。当有房子空下来的时候司法官可指派旅人进驻，而旅人有权利拒绝。
然后是新角色：
纵火狂The Pyromaniac 他的能力是一次性的。
当纵火狂被叫到时他可以选择将纵火标志放到一栋建筑物里，隔天早上，当所有人都看到这场灾害后就将烧毁的建筑物移除，原本的屋主变成旅人。如果烧毁的该栋建筑物刚好是当晚狼人潜入的屋子的话，则最靠近纵火狂右边的狼人被烧死，屋主幸存。
白狼人The White werewolf(White Wolf) 他仇视狼人和村民，唯一的胜利条件就是单独活下来。
白狼人会和一般狼人一起行动，一起猎杀村民。两晚一次，他在狼人同伴入睡后会醒来，如果亏销他想的话，可以杀掉一名狼人。
谣言散布者The Scandalmonger
每一晚的最后，狼人入睡后，谣言散布者会把一张满是指控证据的海报贴在某人家门，投票的时候这个谣言标记当作两票，但不能把这谣言标记放到旅人面前。
在游戏开始前主持人可以把所有的tokens混在一起或先挑选特定的token出来，放在袋中让销旅游大家抽取。也可以由主持人选出特定的token组合，面朝上地让大家依序选取。
大家拿取相对应的建筑物放在自己面前，将token放在上面，因为有些能力是永久，有些是一次性的，当玩家使用过一次性的能力后，就必须将token交还给主持人。某些建筑物的能力可以重新启动其他建筑物已经使用过的能力，在这种状况下主持人便把token还给相对应的玩家。
然后，游戏开始：
1、全体入睡(闭眼)
小偷The Thief、邱比特Cupido、守卫Guardian 依次醒来
夜晚回合
各拥有身份的角色按以下顺序依次行动：
占卜师The Fortune Teller、狼人The Werewolves 、小女孩The Little Girl、面包师傅The Baker 、白狼人White Werewolf 、纵火狂Pyromaniac 、女巫The Witch、吹笛人Piper 、被迷惑的玩家Charmed Players 、谣言散布者The Scandalmonger
白天回合
全体醒来(张开眼睛) 进行讨论并投票
全体再次入睡
胜负条件：
1，狼人全部死亡，村民获胜。
2，村民全部死亡，狼人获胜。
3，有特殊胜利条件的玩家达成胜利条件，改玩家获胜（优先级高于1和2）
